Heavy Metals Phytoremediation and Its Impact on Photosynthetic Pigments and Metabolic Content in Some Plant Species Grown in the Streets of Jeddah Governorate, Saudi Arabia

In Jeddah governorate, increased industrialization, urbanization and vehicular traffic may raise levels of heavy metals in the air soil, threatening food safety human health. Roadside vegetation barriers might be an effective way to enhance roadside quality reduce exposure pollution. This study was conducted order uncover best-cultivated plant species for purifying polluted terms environmental parameters. The samples this were obtained from several locations throughout governorate streets. main causes pollution area are automobile emissions. Photosynthetic pigments, soluble sugars, protein, amino acids, proline extracts investigated used study. Also, ionic composition (K, Na Ca Mg), as well (Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, Pb, Co Ba) sampling sites, roots leaves collected all assessed. Plant examination revealed that I. coccinea possessed highest value Chl b, proteins while T. stans exhibited amount a, carotenoids acids. Furthermore, most common contaminants sites Zn, Ba, with Zn Ba being actively accumulated studied plants. findings root C. lancifolius is a powerful phytoaccumulator Co. addition, lancifolius, coccinea, Z. spina-christi, B. spectabilis shown exhibit high accumulating potential various polluting their roots. Cr efficiently transmitted Consequently, these can employed phytoremediation approaches at contaminated sites.